Engelsk B




Ny ordning

Mandag den 14. december 2020
kl. 09.00-14.00

Vejledning til opgavesættet


Du skal besvare følgende opgaver:
  • Assignment 1-5
Tekster til Assignment 5:
  • “Why US anti-vaxxers will refuse the coronavirus vaccine”, a video, The Guardian website, 2020.
  • “ 'It’s psychologically easier': how anti-vaxxers capitalised on coronavirus fears to spread misinformation”, an article, The Guardian website, 2020.

Vejledning til opgaverne
Den samlede eksaminationstid for Assignment 1-5 er fem timer. Besvarelsen bedømmes som en helhed ud fra de faglige mål for niveauet. Der lægges vægt på beherskelsen af det engelske sprog, forståelse af forlægget og færdighed i skriftlig fremstilling på engelsk.

Det anbefales, at du skriver din besvarelse i skabelonen, som hentes ved klik på Template i menuen til venstre. Besvarelsen afleveres i ét dokument med opgaverne i rækkefølgen 1-5.



Sådan henviser du til tekst, video- og lydklip


Hvis du citerer, skal du angive kilde.
Alt anvendt materiale skal være engelsksproget og angives med kildehenvisninger.

Du kan henvise til dele af video- og lydklip, f.eks. ved at angive afspillerens minut- og sekundtal for henholdsvis starten og slutningen af klippet.

Generel skabelon for henvisninger til tekster


Alle henvisninger angives i fodnoter

Henvisning til kilderne (sources) i opgavematerialet
”In N.R.A. Fight, Companies Find There Is No Neutral Ground” (l.15) eller (ll.15-17)

Henvisning til videoer i kilderne (sources) i opgavematerialet
”Why Americans Love Guns” (01:23-02:12)

Ved evt. brug af materiale fra undervisningen skal kilden angives.




Tekster i opgavesættet


Teksternes ortografi og tegnsætning følger forlæggene. Trykfejl er dog rettet.
Opsætningen følger ikke nødvendigvis forlæggene. Dog følges forlægget nøje, hvor opsætningen på den ene eller anden måde indgår i opgaven.



Assignment 1


Omskriv nedenstående tekst fra præteritum (datid) til præsens (nutid). Marker verballeddene (udsagnsleddene) i din besvarelse.

Eksempel: When Susan had a baby…
  When Susan has a baby…


Susan, the Melbourne anti-vaxxer mother, told her maternal child health nurse that she wasn’t planning to vaccinate her daughter. That nurse referred her to a doctor. That doctor talked her through the risks, then unusually, talked her through some alternatives.

He said she could have the vaccines that are often grouped together given to her daughter separately. He empathised and emphasised that some shots were more important than others. He took time to talk through her concerns while showing her the evidence and the statistics about vaccinations. Susan began to rethink her opposition.

“ 'It’s psychologically easier': how anti-vaxxers capitalised on coronavirus fears to spread misinformation” by Tory Shepherd from The Guardian website.




Assignment 2


Find i lydklippet fra podcasten to substantiver (navneord), to verber (udsagnsord), to adjektiver (tillægsord), to adverbier (biord) og to pronomener (stedord).

Angiv ordene i tabellen nedenfor.


Uddrag fra: Oceanology (THE OCEAN) with Ayana Johnson: Encore Presentation

Ordklasse 1. ord 2. ord
Substantiv    
Verbum    
Adjektiv    
Adverbium    
Pronomen    




Assignment 3


I hver af de nedenstående sætninger er der fjernet et adverbium (biord) eller et adjektiv (tillægsord). Fordel de fem nedenstående adverbier og adjektiver i sætningerne, ét i hver sætning. Skriv desuden, om dit indsatte ord står som et adjektiv eller et adverbium.

immediately - heavily - doubtful - sugared – quite

It’s impossible to get through to someone when they’re so medicated.
Dit svar: Skriv, om det indsatte ord står som et adjektiv eller et adverbium:
That’s certainly high.
Dit svar: Skriv, om det indsatte ord står som et adjektiv eller et adverbium:
Diomedes gave me a look.
Dit svar: Skriv, om det indsatte ord står som et adjektiv eller et adverbium:
Diomedes didn’t respond.
Dit svar: Skriv, om det indsatte ord står som et adjektiv eller et adverbium:
He reached over to a little dish of almonds on his desk and offered me one.
Dit svar: Skriv, om det indsatte ord står som et adjektiv eller et adverbium:


Uddrag fra: Alex Michaelides, The Silent Patient, Celadon Books, New York, 2019, pp.73-74



Assignment 4


Skriv en sammenhængende tekst om billedet på 75 til 125 ord.
I din tekst skal du anvende én spørgende og to nægtende sætninger. Du skal markere disse sætninger i din tekst.




Fotograf: Daniel Arnold, maj 2020



Assignment 5: Anti-vaxxers and the coronavirus


Argumentative essay

Using both texts from the given material, write an argumentative essay in which you account for and discuss the distrust in vaccines, taking the Covid-19 pandemic into consideration.

Give your essay an appropriate headline.

Word count: 700-1000 words

Source material: Your essay must include references to the source material.
All sources must be documented.



'It’s psychologically easier': how anti-vaxxers capitalised on coronavirus fears to spread misinformation


While many believe a Covid-19 vaccine will be a ‘ticket out’, experts are concerned
getting people to take it is the real challenge


Tory Shepherd
6 Jun 2020

193292_billede1_artikel Vaccines are not placebo safety tested Vaccine mandates violate bodily autonomy Vaccines can cause INJURY AND DEATH VACCINES ARE MADE WITH ABORTED FETAL CELLS
The anti-vaccination movement has been peddling widely debunked conspiracy theories that claim the coronavirus
is a hoax. Photograph: Jordan Sigler/Alamy


When Susan had a baby daughter, she was not planning on having her vaccinated. It didn’t seem
abnormal to her – most of her mothers’ group didn’t vaccinate either.

“I had friends who believed in natural healing, healthy food, being vegan, eating raw food. I just
didn’t think that vaccines were necessary.”

 5 
She was hardly alone.

While teams around the world race to create a vaccine for Covid-19, the anti-vaxxers are racing to
convince people that it will be dangerous.

Australia has an excellent record on immunisation.

The national coverage rates in children are above 90%, on average, with some concerning pockets
 10 
of lower coverage. But the adult rate is lower – fewer than one in five got the swine flu vaccination
in 2009 – and adults are more susceptible to this novel coronavirus.

So there is a genuine concern that if and when the vaccine “ticket out” is found, efforts to get people
to take it will flounder.

While the pandemic that has infected millions and killed hundreds of thousands of people continues
 15 
to rage, the anti-vaccination movement has capitalised on the fear and confusion created to spread
viral propaganda.

Some of the widely discredited conspiracy theories to reach the mainstream include that Microsoft
founder Bill Gates is part of a global cabal, including the World Health Organisation and big pharma,
that started the coronavirus as a method of social control, and that 5G is responsible for Covid-19 –
 20 
claims that have been comprehensively debunked.

193292_billede2_artikel PLAN-DEMIC NO LOCKDOWN
Experts fear the current pandemic has spawned conspiracy theories that will put people off a coronavirus vaccine.
Photograph: Guy Bell/REX/Shutterstock


A film called Plandemic featuring discredited scientist Judy Mikovits wove together several
anti-vaccination and far right conspiracy theories to claim that a group of elites was using Covid-19
and its potential vaccine to make a profit and control people. It spread around the world with alarming
speed, reaching 8 million people on YouTube, Facebook, Twitter and Instagram in just over a week.

 25 
But the vaccine could be the world’s ticket out. The ticket to rebooting the economy, to travel, and to
hugs. What happens if not enough people get vaccinated, and that ticket becomes invalid?

Prof Stephan Lewandowsky is an Australian psychologist. Now at the University of Bristol, he recently
released The Conspiracy Theory Handbook to help battle the “unhelpful surge of conspiracy theories
circulating regarding Covid-19”.

 30 
He said it’s no surprise that the current pandemic has spawned conspiracy theories that will put some
people off a vaccine if and when it appears.

“Whenever people are scared and they have a sense of losing control, that’s when these things emerge
because for some people belief in a conspiracy is giving them comfort. It’s psychologically easier.”

More than 100 potential vaccines are in development. At least 60% of people would need to take one up
 35 
to reach a low level of “herd immunity” – a critical threshold needed to keep the virus at a controllable
number.

And there are barriers to even getting levels that high.

Dr Rod Pearce is the chair of the Immunisation Coalition, a not-for-profit that is setting up a roundtable
to work out how to make sure Australians are comfortable with a vaccine.

 40 
“Will people trust it? There are so many fake stories around about what’s going to be involved,” he said.

“There’s so much controversy, so much complexity.”

What if you need three shots of the vaccine for it to work? What if the immunity doesn’t last and you
need it twice a year? What if it is not perfectly effective? Who would be the first to get it? Will they be
happy to give it to their children? Will rich countries get it first, or front line workers? Are there
 45 
even enough needles to deliver it?

“So far we’ve got all the questions and very few of the answers,” Pearce said.

But he can see a way forward.

193292_billede3_artikel Fight for your FREEDOM and rights Fight for your FREEDOM and rights Don’t lock down the people Do lock up criminal government Covid hoax: brought to you by satan
Anti-lockdown protesters hold placards on the steps of Victoria’s state parliament in Melbourne
on 10 May 2020. Photograph: William West/AFP via Getty Images


“We think it’s a 12 to 18-month strategy … let’s pretend Australia will have a vaccine then,” he said.

“What do we need to do to put it in place? We need transparency and the willingness to engage, we
 50 
need to encourage people to ask questions.”

(...)

Susan, the Melbourne anti-vaxxer mother, told her maternal child health nurse that she wasn’t
planning to vaccinate her daughter. That nurse referred her to a doctor. That doctor talked her through
the risks, then unusually, talked her through some alternatives.

 55 
He said she could have the vaccines that are often grouped together given to her daughter separately.
He empathised and emphasised that some shots were more important than others. He took time to
talk through her concerns while showing her the evidence and the statistics about vaccinations. Susan
began to rethink her opposition.

Meanwhile, one of her friends, who had also just had a baby, told her they needed to have a difficult
 60 
conversation.

“She wasn’t judgemental. She said until my child was caught up on vaccines, she wouldn’t be able
to be around my child,” Susan said.

“She wasn’t trying to manipulate me.”

Susan changed her mind.

 65 
Susan’s daughter, now in primary school, is fully vaccinated. And as soon as Susan heard about trials
for a new vaccine, a protection against Covid-19, she rang one of the companies involved and
volunteered to be a test case.

“I volunteered to help, not to protect myself,” she said. “I felt an absolute obligation to other members
of society.”
Tilbage



Sources


Adam Gabbatt, Tom Silverstone, Katie Lamborn and Charlie Phillips, “Why US anti-vaxxers will refuse the coronavirus vaccine”, a video, The Guardian website, 29-05-2020. Viewed 18-08-2020.
https://www.theguardian.com/world/video/2020/may/29/why-us-anti-vaxxers-will-refuse-a-coronavirus-vaccine-video

Tory Shepherd, “ 'It’s psychologically easier': how anti-vaxxers capitalised on coronavirus fears to spread misinformation”, an article, The Guardian website, 06-06-2020. Viewed 18-08-2020.
https://www.theguardian.com/society/2020/jun/06/its-psychologically-easier-how-anti-vaxxers-capitalised-on-coronavirus-fears-to-spread-misinformation

Alex Michaelides, The Silent Patient, Celadon Books, New York, 2019.

Photo by Daniel Arnold, New York Times website, May 2020. Viewed 19-08-2020.
https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/07/style/coronavirus-nyc-historic-season.html

Alie Ward, “Oceanology (THE OCEAN) with Ayana Johnson: Encore Presentation”, a podcast, Alie Ward website, 18-08-2020. Viewed 07-09-2020.
https://www.alieward.com/ologies/oceanology2